The 4000 series (originally: CD4000 series, but now includes HEF4000 series, etc.) is a family of industry standard integrated circuits which implement a variety of logic functions using Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor technology. They were introduced by RCA as CD4000 COS/MOS in 1968, as a lower power and more versatile alternative to the 7400 series of TTL logic chips. Almost all IC manufacturers active during the era fabricated chips from this series. RCA sometimes advertised the line as COSMOS, standing for COmplementary Symmetry Metal-Oxide Semiconductor. The naming system followed the RCA convention of CA for analog, CD for digital, but did not relate to the Texas Instruments SN7400 series numbering scheme. Initially, the 4000 series devices could not operate at speeds as fast as the popular 7400 TTL chips, but had the advantage of much lower power consumption, the ability to operate over a much wider range of supply voltages (3V to 15V), and simpler circuit design due to the vastly increased fanout. However their slower speed (initially only capable of about 1 MHz operation, compared with TTL's 10 MHz) limited their applications to static or slow speed designs.

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