In computer science, the mechanism and practice of abstraction reduce and factor out details so that one can focus on a few concepts at a time. The following English definition of abstraction helps to understand how this term applies to computer science, IT and objects: abstraction - a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance. The concept originated by analogy with abstraction in mathematics. The mathematical technique of abstraction begins with mathematical definitions; this has the fortunate effect of finessing some of the vexing philosophical issues of abstraction. For example, in both computing and in mathematics, numbers are concepts in the programming languages, as founded in mathematics. Implementation details depend on the hardware and software, but this is not a restriction because the computing concept of number is still based on the mathematical concept. In computer programming, abstraction can apply to control or to data: Control abstraction is the abstraction of actions while data abstraction is that of data structures.

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