Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The term “adaptivity” (note the difference with the related term Adaptability (computer science)) characterizes a computer system that adapts itself to changes in user-related or environmental characteristics. Such automatically performed adaptations base on the evaluation of the user behaviour and assumed user needs, or taking explicit user input into account. The objective is to assist the users by proactively supplying what is actually needed. Adaptive systems try not to distract users from their primary task by searching and selecting information or services, as well as by performing extensive customisation tasks. Possible examples are computer systems that automatically adapt to situations where computers outperform the user (e.g., faster response time, identification of toxic gases) or where the user is unable to perform a specific task and the computer takes over control (e.g., unsuited clothing, cognitive overload).

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