High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Elemental phosphorus can exist in several allotropes; the most common of which are white and red solids. Solid violet and black allotropes are also known. Gaseous phosphorus exists as diphosphorus and atomic phosphorus. White phosphorus, or yellow phosphorus, or simply tetraphosphorus (P4) exists as molecules made up of four atoms. The tetrahedral arrangement results in ring strain and instability. The molecule is described as consisting of six single P–P bonds. Two different crystalline forms are known. The ? form, which is stable under standard conditions, has a body-centered cubic crystal structure. It transforms reversibly into the ? form at 195.2 K. The ? form is believed to have a hexagonal crystal structure.

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