Finite element analysis and sensitivity analysis has been performed on Poisson's equation. An application is that of potential flow, in which case Poisson’s equation reduces to Laplace’s equation. The stiffness matrix and its sensitivity are evaluated by direct integration, as opposed to numerical integration. This allows less computational effort and minimizes the sources of computational errors. The capability of evaluating sensitivity derivatives has been added in order to perform design sensitivity analysis of non-lifting airfoils. The discrete-direct approach to sensitivity analysis is utilized in the current work. The potential flow equations and the sensitivity equations are computed by using a preconditioned conjugate gradient method which greatly reduces the time required to perform analysis, and the subsequent design optimization. Airfoil shape is updated at each design iteration by using a Bezier-Berstein surface parameterization. The unstrucured grid is adapted considering the mesh as a system of inteconnected springs. Numerical solutions are compared with analytical results obtained for a Joukowsky airfoil.

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