Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Aqualung was the original name for the first open-circuit free-swimming underwater breathing sets; the type most familiar at the time was the twin-hose open-circuit scuba, as developed by Emile Gagnan and Jacques-Yves Cousteau in 1943, and since then made by various manufacturers with varying design details and number of cylinders. It consists of a high pressure diving cylinder and a diving regulator that supplies the diver with breathing gas at ambient pressure, via a demand valve. Before that, there were a few attempts at constant-flow compressed-air breathing sets. The original "Aqua-Lung" was an "open-circuit" design, so called because gas flows from the cylinder, to the diver, out into the water. Other scuba gear, invented earlier than the "Aqua-Lung", are now termed "closed circuit" or "rebreather", as gas flows from the cylinder, to the diver, through a scrubber (which removes carbon dioxide), back to a secondary bag, and back to the diver again, in a relatively closed loop; this design is commonly called a rebreather, and its old pure-oxygen form is regarded as archaic and risky when used underwater.

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