High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Aquatic predation presents a special difficulty as compared to predation on land, because the density of water is about the same as that of the prey, so that the prey tends to be pushed away. This problem was first identified by R.N. Alexander. As a result, under water predators, especially bony fish, have evolved a number of specialized feeding mechanisms, known as filter feeding, ram feeding, suction feeding, protrusion, and pivot feeding. Most under water predators combine more than one of these basic principles. For example a typical generalized predator, such as the cod, combines suction with some amount of protrusion and pivot feeding. Suction feeding is a method of ingesting a prey item in fluids by sucking the prey into the predator's mouth. Ram feeding, also known as lunge feeding, is a method of feeding underwater in which the predator moves forward with its mouth open, engulfing the prey along with the water surrounding it.

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