High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Arthur Cayley (16 August 1821 – 26 January 1895) was a British mathematician. He helped found the modern British school of pure mathematics. As a child, Cayley enjoyed solving complex math problems for amusement. He entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where he excelled in Greek, French, German, and Italian, as well as mathematics. He worked as a lawyer for 14 years. He proved the Cayley-Hamilton theorem—that every square matrix is a root of its own characteristic polynomial. He was the first to define the concept of a group in the modern way—as a set with a binary operation satisfying certain laws. Formerly, when mathematicians spoke of "groups", they had meant permutation groups.

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