High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Artificial T cell receptors (also known as chimeric T cell receptors) are engineered molecules, which when expressed by T cells, redirect the T cells to kill a target cell with a specificity dictated by the artificial receptor. The most common form of these molecules are fusions of single-chain Variable fragments (scFv) derived from monoclonal antibodies, fused to CD3-zeta transmembrane and endodomain. Such molecules result in the transmission of a zeta signal in response to recognition by the scFv of its target. An example of such a construct is 14g2a-Zeta, which is a fusion of a scFv derived from hybridoma 14g2a (which recognizes disialoganglioside GD2). When T cells express this molecule (usually achieved by oncoretroviral vector transduction), they recognize and kill target cells that express GD2 (e.g. neuroblastoma cells). To target malignant B cells, investigators have redirected the specificity of T cells using a chimeric immunoreceptor specific for the B-lineage molecule, CD19.

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