Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Authenticated Encryption (AE) is a block cipher mode of operation which simultaneously provides confidentiality and authenticity (integrity) assurances on the data. It became readily apparent that securely compositing a confidentiality mode with an authentication mode could be error prone and difficult.In addition to protecting message integrity and confidentiality, authenticated encryption can provide plaintext awareness and security against chosen ciphertext attack. In these attacks, an adversary attempts to gain an advantage against a cryptosystem (e.g., information about the secret decryption key) by submitting carefully chosen ciphertexts to some "decryption oracle" and analyzing the decrypted results. Authenticated encryption schemes can recognize improperly-constructed ciphertexts and refuse to decrypt them. This in turn prevents the attacker from requesting the decryption of any ciphertext unless he generated it correctly using the encryption algorithm, which would imply that he already knows the plaintext.

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