Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Bit-banging is a technique for serial communications using software instead of dedicated hardware. Software directly sets and samples the state of pins on the microcontroller, and is responsible for all parameters of the signal: timing, levels, synchronization, etc. In contrast to bit-banging, dedicated hardware (such as a modem, UART, or shift register) handles these parameters and provides a (buffered) data interface in other systems, so software is not required to perform signal demodulation. Bit-banging can be implemented at very low cost, and is used in, for example, embedded systems.

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