High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In mathematics, a (finitary) Boolean function is a function of the form : Bk ? B, where B = {0, 1} is a Boolean domain and k is a nonnegative integer called the arity of the function. In the case where k = 0, the "function" is essentially a constant element of B. Every k-ary Boolean formula can be expressed as a propositional formula in k variables x1, …, xk, and two propositional formulas are logically equivalent if and only if they express the same Boolean function. There are 22k k-ary functions for every k. A Boolean function describes how to determine a Boolean value output based on some logical calculation from Boolean inputs. Such functions play a basic role in questions of complexity theory as well as the design of circuits and chips for digital computers. The properties of Boolean functions play a critical role in cryptography, particularly in the design of symmetric key algorithms (see substitution box).

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