Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Bunraku, also known as Ningyo joruri, is a form of traditional Japanese puppet theater, founded in Osaka in 1684. Occasionally other instruments such as taiko drums will be used. The most accurate term for the traditional puppet theater in Japan is ningyo joruri. The combination of chanting and shamisen playing is called joruri and the Japanese word for puppet (or dolls, generally) is ningyo. Bunraku puppetry has been a documented traditional activity for Japanese citizens for hundreds of years. Originally, the term "Bunraku" referred only to the particular theater established in 1872 in Osaka, which was named the Bunrakuza after the puppeteering ensemble of Uemura Bunrakuken, an early 19th century puppeteer on Awaji, whose efforts revived the flagging fortunes of the traditional puppet theater in the 19th century.

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