High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Calostoma is a genus of 29 species in the Sclerodermataceae family of fungi. Like the other Sclerodermatacae species, Calostoma do not have the spore discharge mechanism associated with typical gilled fungi (ballistospory), and instead have enclosed spore-bearing structures. Resembling round, orange to red gelatinous puffballs on thick stalks, species have been collected in regions of deciduous, temperate, tropical or subtropical forests. They have a worldwide distribution, including eastern North America, Asia, and Australasia. The common name given to some species, "prettymouth", alludes to the bright red fruiting bodies with openings that may somewhat resemble lips. The unusual fruiting body structure has historically led mycologists to suggest various classification schemes based on presumed relationships to other puffball or "stomach mushrooms". Phylogenetic analyses performed in the 2000s show the genus to be evolutionarily related to the Bolete mushrooms; Calostoma is classified in the Sclerodermatineae suborder of the Boletales. Calostoma species are ectomycorrhizal, forming symbiotic associations with trees from various families. The type species, Calostoma cinnabarinum, is ectomycorrhizal with Oak.