High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A canary trap is a method for exposing an information leak, which involves giving different versions of a sensitive document to each of several suspects and seeing which version gets leaked. The term was coined by Tom Clancy in his novel Patriot Games, though the method itself has been in use far longer. The hero, Jack Ryan, describes the technique he devised for identifying the sources of leaked classified documents: Each summary paragraph has six different versions, and the mixture of those paragraphs is unique to each numbered copy of the paper. There are over a thousand possible permutations, but only ninety-six numbered copies of the actual document. The reason the summary paragraphs are so lurid is to entice a reporter to quote them verbatim in the public media. If he quotes something from two or three of those paragraphs, we know which copy he saw and, therefore, who leaked it. A refinement of this technique uses a thesaurus program to shuffle through synonyms, thus making every copy of the document unique.

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