Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. A carbonium ion is a carbocation of the penta- or tetracoordinated nonclassical type such as an ion of the type R5C+. The parent compound methanium or CH5+ is protonated methane and a superacid. This ion exists as a reactive intermediate in the interstellar medium and can be produced in the laboratory in low concentrations in the gas phase at low temperatures. This compound is considered a CH3+ carbenium ion with a molecule of hydrogen interacting with the empty orbital in a 3-center-2- electron bond. The two hydrogen atoms in H2 can continuously exchange positions with the three hydrogen atoms in the CH3+ so the methanium ion is considered a fluxional molecule. The energy barrier for the exchange is quite low and occurs even at very low temperatures.

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