Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. A clandestine church, or schuilkerk, defined by historian Benjamin J. Kaplan as a "semi-clandestine church" is a house of worship used by religious minorities whose communal worship is tolerated by those of the majority faith on condition that it is discreet and not conducted in public spaces. Schuilkerken are commonly built inside houses or other buildings, and do not show a public facade to the street. They were an important advance in religious toleration in the wake of the Reformation, an era when worship services conducted by minority faiths were often banned and sometimes penalized by exile or execution. Some are freestanding buildings constructed in rear courtyards. What they share is that they are not readily recognizable as a houses of worship by passersby. Such churches were built in large numbers during the time of the Dutch Republic for use by Roman Catholics, Remonstrants, Lutherans and Mennonites.

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