Combustion or burning is a complex sequence of exothermic chemical reactions between a fuel (usually a hydrocarbon) and an oxidant accompanied by the production of heat or both heat and light in the form of either a glow or flames, appearance of light flickering. Direct combustion by atmospheric oxygen is a reaction mediated by radical intermediates. The conditions for radical production are naturally produced by thermal runaway, where the heat generated by combustion is necessary to maintain the high temperature necessary for radical production. In a complete combustion reaction, a compound reacts with an oxidizing element, such as oxygen or fluorine, and the products are compounds of each element in the fuel with the oxidizing element. For example: CH4 + 2O2 ? CO2 + 2H2O, CH2S + 6F2 ? CF4 + 2HF + SF6. A simpler example can be seen in the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen, which is a commonly used reaction in rocket engines: 2H2 + O2 ? 2H2O(g) + heat. The result is water vapor. In the large majority of real-world uses of combustion, air is the source of oxygen (O2). In air, each kg (lbm) of oxygen is mixed with approximately 3.76 kg (lbm) of nitrogen.

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