Computer forensics is a branch of a forensic science pertaining to legal evidence found in computers and digital storage media. Computer forensics is also known as digital forensics. The goal of computer forensics is to explain the current state of a digital artifact. The term digital artifact can include a computer system, a storage medium (such as a hard disk or CD ROM), an electronic document (e.g. an email message or JPEG image) or even a sequence of packets moving over a computer network. The explanation can be as straightforward as "what information is here?" and as detailed as "what is the sequence of events responsible for the present situation?" The field of computer forensics also has sub branches within it such as firewall forensics, network forensics, database forensics and a mobile device forensics. There are many reasons to employ the techniques of computer forensics: legal cases, computer forensic techniques are frequently used to analyze computer systems belonging to defendants (in criminal cases) or litigants (in civil cases). To recover data in the event of a hardware or software failure.

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