Conformation Activity Relationship is the measurement of the change in shape of a biomolecule (known as a conformational change) when it is stimulated or interacts with another molecule and correlation of this change with biochemical activity. Biochemistry is characterised by weak, non covalent, bonds between large biopolymers which are continuously made and broken at varying reaction strengths. The interaction forces, typified by van der Waals forces can vary by the interaction distance to the power of 6 and therefore the ability of one molecule to ‘fit’ or conform to the shape of a fold or pocket on another drives the reaction. Conversely, a binding partner can distort the conformation of a biomolecule (e.g. a protein) to enable or disable a potential biochemical activity thereby regulating the reaction or activity. This is the basic premise behind pharmaceutical intervention where small molecules are designed for their ability to selectively interact and distort the conformation of a target protein implicated in a disease mechanism.

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