High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In the calculus of variations, ?-convergence (Gamma-convergence) is a notion of convergence for functionals. It was introduced by Ennio de Giorgi.An important use for ?-convergence is in homogenization theory. It can also be used to rigorously justify the passage from discrete to continuum theories for materials, e.g. in elasticity theory. Calculus of variations is a field of mathematics that deals with functionals, as opposed to ordinary calculus which deals with functions. Such functionals can for example be formed as integrals involving an unknown function and its derivatives. The interest is in extremal functions – those making the functional attain a maximum or minimum value – or stationary functions – those where the rate of change of the functional is precisely zero.

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