High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A coordinate-free, or component-free, treatment of a scientific theory or mathematical topic develops its ideas without reference to any particular coordinate system.Coordinate-free treatments generally allow for simpler systems of equations, allowing greater mathematical elegance at the cost of some abstraction from the detailed formulae needed to evaluate these equations within a particular system of coordinates.

Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.