In chemistry, a coordination complex or metal complex, is a structure consisting of a central atom or ion , bonded to a surrounding array of molecules or anions. The atom within a ligand that is directly bonded to the central atom or ion is called the donor atom. The ligand donates at least one pair of electrons to the central atom ion. Compounds that contain a coordination complex are called coordination compound. The central atom or ion, together with all ligands form the coordination sphere. Coordination refers to the coordinate covalent bonds between the ligands and the central atom. Originally, a complex implied a reversibleassociation of molecules, atoms, or ions through such weak chemical bonds. As applied to coordination chemistry, this meaning has evolved. Some metal complexes are formed virtually irreversible and many are bound together by bonds that are quite strong

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