Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The Cypress Hills massacre occurred on June 1, 1873, in the Cypress Hills region of Battle Creek, North- West Territories (now in Saskatchewan), involving a group of American wolf hunters or 'wolfers', American and Canadian whiskey traders, Metis cargo haulers or 'freighters', and a camp of Nakoda (or Assiniboine) people. A large number of horses had been stolen from the wolfers just across the Montana Territory border. Angry over their loss, the wolfers attempted to track the horse thieves into Canada, but soon lost their trail. Instead, the wolfers arrived in the Battle Creek valley where the trading posts operated by Abel Farwell and Moses Solomon were located, opposite a camp of some 200 to 300 Nakota people. Tensions were already somewhat elevated, alcohol had been flowing freely on all sides, and a misunderstanding over a missing horse led to a mixed group of wolfers, whiskey traders, and Metis freighters opening fire on the Nakota camp, resulting in 23 confirmed Nakota deaths and the death of one wolfer, Ed LeGrace. Both trading posts were subsequently abandoned and burned.

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