High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Delta class submarine has formed the backbone of the Soviet and Russian strategic submarine fleet since its introduction in 1973. They carry nuclear ballistic missiles of the R-29 Vysota family, with the Delta I, II, III and IV carrying the R-29, R-29D, R-29R and R-29RM respectively. The Delta I carried 12 missiles, the Delta II was a "stretched" Delta I that could carry 16 missiles; the Delta III and IV carry 16 missiles with multiple warheads and the submarines have improved electronics and noise reduction. The R-27 Zyb missile carried by the Project 667s of the late 1960s had a range of just 2,500-133,000 km, so the earlier subs were forced to patrol close to the North American coast, whereas the Deltas could launch the >7,700 km-range R-29's from the relative safety of the Arctic Ocean. In turn the Deltas were superseded by the massive Typhoon class submarines. However the Deltas remained in service until 1990s with treaties such as START I. High running costs and the retirement of the Typhoons-R-39 missiles meant that some Delta III's were reactivated in the early 2000s to replace the Typhoons in Russian service.

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