Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Descriptive statistics are used to describe the main features of a collection of data quantitatively. Descriptive statistics are distinguished from inferential statistics, in that descriptive statistics aim to summarize a data set quantitatively without employing a probabilistic formulation, rather than being used to support inferential statements about the population that the data are thought to represent. Even when a data analysis draws its main conclusions using inductive statistical analysis, descriptive statistics are generally presented along with more formal analyses. For example in a paper reporting on a study involving human subjects, there typically appears a table giving the overall sample size, sample sizes in important subgroups, and demographic or clinical characteristics such as the average age, the proportion of subjects of each sex, and the proportion of subjects with related comorbidities.

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