Parallel computing is simultaneous use of multiple computing resources to solve a computing problem, to reduce the computation time. To make many processors simultaneously work on a single program, the program must be divided into smaller independent chunks so that each processor can work on separate chunks of the problem. Parallel computing is the only available method to increase the computational speed and its application is rapidly increasing in the field of scientific and engineering computations. In this book parallel computing techniques are searched, developed and tested for two types of computer hardware architectures. Results also show a great reduction in computation time. The other type of computer hardware architecture which is of main interest is Distributed Memory Processors (DMP). DSM systems require a communication network to connect inter-processor memory (ordinary computers). To parallelize programs on DMP we have to use Message Passing Interface (MPI) compilers directives. Time reduction in parallel programs can be seen over sequential programs in the results presented in this book.

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