Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The finless sleeper ray (Temera hardwickii) is a little-known species of electric ray in the family Narcinidae, and the sole member of its genus. It is found over the continental shelf off Southeast Asia, from the eastern Andaman Sea to Vietnam and Borneo. Typically growing no more than 15 cm (5.9 in) long, it may be the smallest cartilaginous fish. The finless sleeper ray is the only electric ray that lacks dorsal fins. It has an oval pectoral fin disc that varies from longer than wide to wider than long, depending on age, and a short, robust tail that terminates in a short, deep caudal fin. The trailing margins of its pelvic fins are sexually dimorphic, being more concave in males. Like other members of its family, the finless sleeper ray can generate an electric shock from paired electric organs in its disc, for purposes of defense.

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