Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In chemistry, a formal charge (FC) is the charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, assuming that electrons in a chemical bond are shared equally between atoms, regardless of relative electronegativity. The formal charge of any atom in a molecule can be calculated by the following equation: FC = V - N - B/2 Where V is the number of valence electrons of the atom in isolation (atom in ground state); N is the number of non-bonding electrons on this atom in the molecule; and B is the total number of electrons shared in covalent bonds with other atoms in the molecule.

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