High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Foundations of statistics is the usual name for the epistemological debate over how one should conduct inductive inference from data. Among issues considered are the question of Bayesian inference versus frequentist inference, the distinction between Fisher's "significance testing" and Neyman- Pearson "hypothesis testing", and whether the likelihood principle should be followed. Some of these issues have been debated for up to 200 years without resolution. For a short introduction to the foundations of statistics, see ch. 6 of Kendall's Advanced Theory of Statistics. In his book Statistics As Principled Argument, Robert P. Abelson articulates the position that statistics serves as a standardized means of settling disputes between scientists who could otherwise each argue the merits of their own positions ad infinitum. From this point of view, statistics is a form of rhetoric; as with any means of settling disputes, statistical methods can succeed only as long as all parties agree on the approach used

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