High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Hemigrapsus estellinensis is a species of crab endemic to the Texas Panhandle. It was discovered by Gordon C. Creel in 1962 and was probably already extinct before his description was published in 1964. It is closely related to species from the Pacific Ocean such as Hemigrapsus oregonensis, but lived 500 mi (800 km) inland in a hypersaline spring. H. estellinensis was the only troglobitic crab in the contiguous United States. It lived in Estelline Salt Springs east of the town of Estelline in Hall County, Texas, where the surface of the water is at an altitude of 1,742.5 feet (531.1 m) above sea level. The springs produced water with a salinity of 43‰ that fed the Prairie Dog Town Fork of the Red River. The salinity derives from Permian red beds, and has a strong structuring effect on the Red River's biota.

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