High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In mathematics, the immanant of a matrix was defined by Dudley E. Littlewood and Archibald Read Richardson as a generalisation of the concepts of determinant and permanent.In algebra, the determinant is a special number associated with any square matrix. The fundamental geometric meaning of a determinant is a scale factor for measure when the matrix is regarded as a linear transformation. Thus a 2 x 2 matrix with determinant 2 when applied to a set of points with finite area will transform those points into a set with twice the area. Determinants are important both in calculus, where they enter the substitution rule for several variables, and in multilinear algebra. A matrix is invertible if and only if its determinant is non-zero.

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