High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Knut Emil Lundmark (14 June 1889 – 23 April 1958) was a Swedish astronomer, professor of astronomy and head of the observatory at Lund University 1929-1955. Lundmark received his astronomical education at the observatory of Uppsala University. His dissertation (1920) was titled: The relations of the globular clusters and spiral nebulae to the stellar system. In the 1920s he worked at several observatories in the USA, mainly Lick Observatory and Mount Wilson Observatory. Knut Lundmark was one of the pioneers in the modern study of the galaxies and their distances. He was one of the first to suspect that the galaxies are remote stellar systems at vast distances and not nearby objects belonging to our own galaxy, the Milky Way. In 1919 he measured the distance to M31 - the Andromeda Galaxy, to 650 000 light years (about a fourth of the present day value) using magnitudes of novae found in M31 and comparing them to nearby ones with known distances. Lundmark's work contributed to the later famous Great Debate.

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