High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Recently a different normalization of the invariant has been adopted, which is one less than the original definition by Lusternik and Schnirelmann. Such a normalization has been adopted in the definitive monograph by Cornea, Lupton, Oprea, and Tanre (see below). In general it is not so easy to compute this invariant, which was initially introduced by Lazar Lyusternik and Lev Schnirelmann in connection with variational problems. It has a close connection with algebraic topology, in particular cup-length. In the modern normalization, the cup-length is a lower bound for LS category.

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