NASA's Mission Control Center (MCC-H), also known by its callsign, Houston, at the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, in Houston, Texas manages all manned space flight of NASA, including the U.S. portions of the International Space Station (ISS). From the moment a spacecraft clears its launch tower until it lands on earth, it is in the hands of Mission Control. The Mission Control Center houses several Flight Control Rooms, from which flight controllers coordinate and monitor the spaceflights. The rooms have many computer resources to monitor, command and communicate with spacecraft. When a mission is underway the rooms are staffed around the clock, usually in three shifts. In the United States, the Mission Control Center is associated with manned space flight. A separate organization called the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and its control room manage unmanned space probes. Because Houston is a hurricane sensitive area, NASA has basic back-up facilities for shuttle operations at the Kennedy Space Center as well as a back-up location at MCC Moscow for ISS operations.

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