Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The first EMUs were used on the elevated Liverpool Overhead Railway in 1893. The southern terminal of the railway was underground, giving the LOR the distinction of also being the first to use EMUs underground. Each carriage had its own electric traction motor and was specifically designed and constructed to be light in weight running on elevated steel sections. This gave the EMUs the further distinction of being the first EMU light-rail carriages. The first EMUs were two carriage trains later graduating to three carriages, with the front and rear carriages powered.

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