High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Non-repudiation is the concept of ensuring that a party in a dispute cannot repudiate, or refute the validity of a statement or contract. Although this concept can be applied to any transmission, including television and radio, by far the most common application is in the verification and trust of signatures. According to traditional legal practice, a signature on a paper contract or memorandum may always be repudiated by the signatory. Such repudiation may take one of two forms: The signatory may claim fraud or forgery, such as "I did not sign that." Alternately, he/she may accept the signature as authentic but dispute its validity due to coercion, as in the scenario of blackmail or confessions given under torture. The legal burden of proof differs depending upon the repudiation reason. In the former scenario the burden of proof typically rests on the party claiming validity, while in the latter it shifts to the signatory claiming lack thereof.

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