High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Probability theory and statistics has some commonly-used conventions of its own, in addition to standard mathematical notation and mathematical symbols. # Random variables (e.g. the height of students) are written in upper case. # Singular values are written in lower case (e.g. P( X = x ) can be the probability that a student is of height x). # P(A cap B) indicates the probability that events A and B both occur. # P(A cup B) indicates the probability of either event A or event B occurring ("or" in this case means one or the other or both). # ?-algebras are usually written with upper case calligraphic (e.g. mathcal F for the set of sets on which we define the probability P) # N choose k (N-choose-k) is defined as the number of ways in which one can select k objects from N objects, and is an alternative term for binomial coefficient. Also defined as combination without repetition in combinations and permutations.

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