High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In chemistry, a nucleophile (literally nucleus lover as in nucleus and -phile) is a reagent that forms a chemical bond to its reaction partner (the electrophile) by donating both bonding electrons. Because nucleophiles donate electrons, they are by definition Lewis bases (see acid-base reaction theories). All molecules or ions with a free pair of electrons can act as nucleophiles. Neutral nucleophilic reactions with solvents such as alcohols and water are named solvolysis. A nucleophile is an electron-rich chemical reactant that is attracted by electron deficient compounds. Examples of nucleophiles are anions such as Cl?, or a compound with a lone pair of electrons such as NH3 (ammonia). Nucleophiles may take part in nucleophilic substitution, whereby a nucleophile becomes attracted to a full or partial positive charge. Nucleophilic is an adjective that describes the affinity of a nucleophile to the nuclei, while nucleophilicity or nucleophile strength refers to the nucleophilic character. Nucleophilicity is often used to compare an atom's relative affinity to another's.

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