High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In medicine, the term opiate describes any of the narcotic opioid alkaloids found as natural products in the opium poppy plant, as well as many semisynthetic chemical derivatives of such alkaloids. Opiates are so named because they are constituents or derivatives of constituents found in opium, which is processed from the latex sap of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum. The major biologically active opiates found in opium are morphine, codeine, thebaine, and papaverine. Semi-synthetic opioids such as heroin, oxycodone, and hydrocodone are derived from these substances, especially morphine, codeine, and thebaine. Noscapine, along with approximately 25 other alkaloids, are also present in opium, but have little to no effect on the human central nervous system, and are not usually considered to be opiates. Opiates belong to the large biosynthetic group of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.

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