Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Ousterhout's dichotomy is computer scientist John Ousterhout's claim that high-level programming languages tend to fall into two groups, each with distinct properties and uses: "system programming languages" and "scripting languages". This distinction underlies the design of his language Tcl.Scripting languages tend to be used for applications where most of the functionality comes from other programs (often implemented in system programming languages); the scripts are used to "glue" together other programs or add additional layers of functionality on top of existing programs. Ousterhout claims that scripts tend to be short and are often written by less sophisticated programmers, so execution efficiency is less important than simplicity and ease of interaction with other programs. Common applications for scripting include Web page generation, report generation, graphical user interfaces, and system administration. Popular scripting languages include JavaScript, PHP, Perl, Ruby, Shell scripts, DOS batch files, Tcl, and Python.

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