A pheromone is a chemical signal that triggers a natural response in another member of the same species. There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology. Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition, some vertebrates and plants communicate by using pheromones. The term "pheromone" was introduced by Peter Karlson and Martin Luscher in 1959, based on the Greek word pherein and hormone. They are also classified as ecto-hormones. These chemical messengers are transported outside of the body and result in a direct developmental effect on hormone levels or behavioral change. They proposed the term to describe chemical signals from conspecifics which elicit innate behaviours soon after the German Biochemist Adolf Butenandt characterized the first such chemical, Bombykol.

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