High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In mathematics and computer science, the pigeonhole principle, also known as Dirichlet's box (or drawer) principle, states that if n items are put into m pigeonholes with n > m, then at least one pigeonhole must contain more than one item. More formally, it states that there does not exist an injective function on finite sets whose codomain is smaller than its domain. The theorem is exemplified in real-life by such truisms as that there must be at least two males or two females in a group of three people.

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