High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The politics of Saudi Arabia takes place in the context of an Islamic absolute monarchy. The King of Saudi Arabia is both head of state and the head of government, but decisions are, to a large extent, made on the basis of consultation among the senior princes of the royal family and the religious establishment. The Qur`an is declared to be the constitution of the country, which is governed on the basis of Islamic law (Shari`a).