High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In the field of molecular biology, the pregnane X receptor (PXR), also known as NR1I2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2), is a nuclear receptor whose primary function is to sense the presence of foreign toxic substances and in response up regulate the expression of proteins involved in the detoxification and clearance of these substances from the body. In humans, PXR is encoded by the NR1I2 gene. The product of this gene belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily, members of which are transcription factors characterized by a ligand-binding domain and a DNA-binding domain. The encoded protein is a transcriptional regulator of the cytochrome P450 gene CYP3A4, binding to the response element of the CYP3A4 promoter as a heterodimer with the 9-cis retinoic acid receptor RXR. It is activated by a range of compounds that induce CYP3A4, including dexamethasone and rifampicin.

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