Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In metrology, a primary standard is a standard that is accurate enough that it is not calibrated by or subordinate to other standards. Primary standards are used to calibrate other standards. A primary standard in chemistry is a reliable, readily quantified substance. Metrology (from Ancient Greek metron (measure) and logos (study of)) is the science of measurement. Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement. Metrology is defined by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) as "the science of measurement, embracing both experimental and theoretical determinations at any level of uncertainty in any field of science and technology." The ontology and international vocabulary of metrology (VIM) is maintained by the International Organisation for Standardisation.

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