Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pumpable ice (PI) technology is a technology to produce secondary refrigerants also called coolants with a viscosity of water or jelly and the cooling capacity of ice. Pumpable ice is typically a slurry of ice crystals or particles ranging from 5 to 10,000 micrometers (1 cm) in brine or seawater and gas bubbles, e.g., air, ozone, carbon dioxide. The first time, the possibility to mix water with ice and to pump this PI was realized by US Company North Star Ice Equipment Corporation called this mixture “liquid ice”. In the most cases, a fresh water solid ice, such as flake ice, plate ice, tube ice, shell ice or cubic ice, is crushed or ground, mixed with a sea water or salted water and pumped by conventional water pumps. Besides general terms such as pumpable, jelly or slurry ice, there are many other trademarks for this coolant such as “Beluga”, “optim”, “fluid”, “jel”, “binary”, “liquid”, “maxim”, “whipped”, “Deepchill”, “bubble slurry” ice.

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