Determining the radiative properties of fire barrier materials require the knowledge of the bidirectional reflectance function. This surface property can be determined analytically through Kirchhoff-based relationships or Raleigh-Rice Perturbation theories. However, experimentation is the only accurate method to provide the exact property variation. While creating a simple scatterometer based on solution methods of the radiative heat transfer equation, the directional properties of fire barrier materials can be estimated and fairly predicted. This book shows the S4 quadrature of the Discrte- Ordinates Method to discretize a boundary in terms of a matrix form that accounts for the 144 possible incident-reflective directions. Knowledge of the full directional reflectance data helps to diminish directional biasing (even intensity hemispherical distribution), which in turn, will lead to better prediction of properties or attain accurate radiative transfer calculations.

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