High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The term adhesion railway or adhesion traction describes the most common type of railway, where power is applied by driving some or all of the wheels of the locomotive and thus it relies on the friction between a steel wheel and a steel rail. The term is particularly used when discussing mountain railways to distinguish from other forms of traction such as funicular or cog railway (rack and pinion). For example, the Bernese Oberland Railway "is a mixed rack and adhesion railway" Traction or friction can be reduced when the rails are greasy, because of rain, oil, or decomposing leaves which compact into a hard slippery lignin coating. On an adhesion railway most locomotives have a sandbox containing sand which can be sprayed on to the rail to improve traction under slippery conditions. Measures against reduced adhesion due to leaves include application of 'Sandite' (a gel-sand mix) by special sanding trains, scrubbers and water jets, and long-term management of railside vegetation.

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