Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Random close packing (RCP) is an empirical parameter used to characterize the maximum volume fraction of solid objects obtained when they are packed randomly. For example, when a solid container is filled with grain, shaking the container will reduce the volume taken up by the objects, thus allowing more grain to be added to the container. In other words shaking increases the density of packed objects. Experiments have shown that the most compact way to pack spheres gives a maximum density of about 49-50%. Most recent research predicts analytically that the volume fraction filled by the solid objects in random close packing cannot exceed a density limit of 63.4% for (monodisperse) spherical objects This is significantly smaller than the maximum theoretical filling fraction of 0.74048 that results from hexagonal close pack (HCP - also known as Close-packing). This discrepancy demonstrates that the "randomness" of RCP is vital to the definition.

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